Cyclosen

Cycloserine: Effective Treatment for Tuberculosis and UTIs

Cycloserine is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used to treat active pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis, including renal disease, when the causative organisms are susceptible to this drug. It is also effective in treating certain urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by susceptible strains of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

Cycloserine works by interfering with an early step in bacterial cell wall synthesis, specifically by competitive inhibition of enzymes involved in peptidoglycan formation. This makes the bacterial cell walls weak, ultimately leading to the death of the bacteria.

The medication is produced by Streptomyces orchidaceus and has also been synthesized. It is available in capsule form, typically containing 250 mg of cycloserine. The capsules also include inactive ingredients like titanium dioxide, ferroferric oxide, and food dyes.

Cycloserine is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with peak blood levels occurring within 4 to 8 hours after oral administration. It is stable in alkaline solutions but rapidly destroyed at neutral or acidic pH.

When used in conjunction with other effective chemotherapy, cycloserine can be a valuable addition to the treatment regimen for tuberculosis and UTIs. However, it should not be used as the sole therapeutic agent due to its potential side effects and interactions. Administration is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to cycloserine, epilepsy, depression, severe anxiety, or psychosis, and severe renal insufficiency. Excessive concurrent use of alcohol is also a concern.

By understanding the mechanism of action, indications, and potential side effects of cycloserine, healthcare providers can make informed decisions about its use in treating various bacterial infections.